What is the primary function of an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)?

The primary function of an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) is to prevent wheel lockup during hard braking. When a driver applies the brakes too suddenly or forcefully, the wheels can lock, causing the vehicle to skid and lose control. ABS works by sensing when a wheel is about to lock up and automatically modulating brake pressure to those wheels, allowing them to continue rotating. This helps the driver maintain steering control during hard braking situations, which is crucial for avoiding collisions or making emergency maneuvers.

In contrast, fuel efficiency, speed increase, and engine performance are not functions of ABS; they relate to other aspects of vehicle design and engineering. ABS specifically addresses the safety and control of the vehicle under braking conditions, making it an essential feature for modern vehicles.